近年来随着计算机性能的提高，机器学习中的神经网络发展迅速，在诸多领域中得到了成功的应用。在超快光学中，基于神经网络技术的一些应用在过去几年中也受到了越来越多的关注，例如脉冲表征、光纤激光器的锁模、多模光纤传播动力学、非线性动力学的预测以及脉冲传播等。综述了神经网络在超快光学中已经实现的一些应用，包括实验过程中激光器的自调谐、超快传播动力学的表征和控制以及实验数据的处理和物理规律的发掘，展望了未来的应用前景并分析了面临的挑战。

Zero-dimensional (0D) hybrid metal halides are under intensive investigation owing to their unique physical properties, such as the broadband emission from highly localized excitons that is promising for white-emitting lighting. However, fundamental understanding of emission variations and structure–property relationships is still limited. Here, by using pressure processing, we obtain robust exciton emission in 0D (C₉NH₂₀)₆Pb₃Br₁₂ at room temperature that can survive to 80 GPa, the recorded highest value among all the hybrid metal halides. In situ experimental characterization and first-principles calculations reveal that the pressure-induced emission is mainly caused by the largely suppressed phonon-assisted nonradiative pathway. Lattice compression leads to phonon hardening, which considerably weakens the exciton–phonon interaction and thus enhances the emission. The robust emission is attributed to the unique structure of separated spring-like [Pb₃Br₁₂]^6- trimers, which leads to the outstanding stability of the optically active inorganic units. Our findings not only reveal abnormally robust emission in a 0D metal halide, but also provide new insight into the design and optimization of local structures of trimers and oligomers in low-dimensional hybrid materials.

通过非对称电压补偿方法研究了FFS模式下的残像现象。实验结果表明在不更换盒内材料的情况下, 非对称电压补偿可以快速有效地改善残像问题。同时研究了不同的材料、不同的像素结构对应的实际补偿电压。结果显示随着配向膜电阻的增加, 补偿电压有增大趋势(0.1 V到0.3 V), 正负性液晶以及不同像素结构(公共电极层分别位于最上层和中间层, Top/Mid com)呈相反趋势(+0.3 V和-0.3 V), 且不同于以往的研究, 最终的残像结果负性液晶好于正性液晶。不同的彩膜平坦化层材料对应的补偿电压也有较明显差异。研究为FFS液晶显示模式残像的快速改善提供了参考。

针对目前光电印制板（OEPCB）中光电器件与光波导对接的垂直耦合结构耦合效率较低的问题, 分析了传统嵌入式45°反射微镜的垂直耦合结构, 提出了一种新的垂直耦合结构, 经Matlab仿真验证其具有更高的垂直耦合效率。研究表明, 新结构对光电对准精度要求不高, 受传统PCB制作工艺的层压的高温高压影响更小、便于兼容传统PCB制作工艺。

提出了一种基于实数编码量子进化算法(RQEA)的宽角度极紫外(EUV)多层膜理论膜系的设计方法。采用基于实数编码的遗传算法(RGA)和RQEA对宽角度Mo/Si多层膜进行了理论设计和分析, 发现RQEA具有种群规模小、搜索效率高和求解精度高的明显优势, 体现出RQEA在光学薄膜设计领域的潜在应用价值。同时, 设计出入射光波长为13.5 nm、在入射角0°～18°范围内反射率可达50%的宽反射带Mo/Si多层膜。

A rapid quantitative analytical method for three components of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos solution (Lonicera Japonica Thumb.) extracted by water was developed using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and the partial least-squares (PLS) method. The NIR spectra of 81 samples collected from a production line were obtained. The concentrations of secologanic acid, chlorogenic acid and galuteolin were determined by using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection as the reference method. Several pretreatment methods for the NIR spectra were used during PLS calibration. The most appropriate latent variable number of the PLS factor was selected based on the standard error of cross-validation (SECV). The performance of the final PLS models was evaluated according to SECV, standard error of prediction (SEP) and determination coefficient (R²). The compounds secologanic acid, chlorogenic acid and galuteolin had SEP values of 0.030, 0.061 and 1.668 μg/mL, respectively and R² values over 0.85. This work shows that NIR spectroscopy is a rapid and convenient method for the analysis of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos solution extracted by water. The proposed method can help in the application of process analytical technology in the pharmaceutical industry, particularly in traditional Chinese medicine injections.

采用等离子喷涂和激光重熔复合工艺在Ti-6Al-4V基体上分别制备了微米和纳米Al2O3-13wt.%TiO2涂层, 通过光学金相显微分析(OM)、扫描电镜分析(SEM)、显微硬度试验等方法研究了激光重熔对涂层的组织及性能的影响。试验结果表明, 激光重熔可消除涂层内部的孔隙和层状缺陷, 获得表面平整、致密的重熔涂层, 且涂层与基体形成了良好的冶金结合。激光重熔后, 微米和纳米Al2O3-13wt.%TiO2涂层的平均硬度值分别由喷涂态涂层的803 HV0.3和846 HV0.3提高至1 111 HV0.3和1 451 HV0.3。

文章提出了一种不用光隔离器即可提高器件抗反射性能的抗反射同轴激光器TO-CAN(晶体管外形封装), 该TO-CAN集成了半导体激光器的电/光信号转换功能和抗反射功能，采用现有的贴片工艺和粘胶工艺，通过在底座TO-Header(晶体管外形头)上面安装激光器芯片、偏振片和λ/4波片而制成，理论分析和实验结果都验证了该方案的有效性和实用性。